Data provided by company:

• Accelerated deterioration due to calcific degeneration of bioprosthesis may occur in: children, adolescents, young adults, and patients with altered calcium metabolism (e.g., chronic renal failure, hyperparathyroidism)

Comments Surgery:

• Full root design (root replacement), pre-trimmed version (complete or modified sub-coronary), stentless porcine bioprosthesis, good hemodynamics (even in small aortic root)

Comments Echocardiography:

• No EOAi calculator available
• Root may appear thickened on echocardiography

References:

1. Copyright Medtronic
2. Rosenhek et al. Normal Values for Doppler Echocardiographic Assessment of Heart Valve Prostheses. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, November 2003